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29 July 2005 — You Are What You Eat (15)
The passive American consumer, sitting down to a meal of pre-prepared or fast food, confronts a platter covered with inert, anonymous substances that have been processed, dyed, breaded, sauced, gravied, ground, pulped, stained, blended, prettified, and sanitized beyond resemblance to any part of any creature that ever lived. The products of nature and agriculture have been made, to all appearances, the products of industry. — Wendell Berry, "The Pleasures of Eating"

Kris has been picking blackberries. The Oregon State Police Crime Lab sits on a wetland, and the wetland fosters a terrific crop of delicious berries. In the morning, before work, Kris takes time to pick the fruit, which she shares with co-workers or brings home to me. (Blackberries are my favorite.)

Some of her co-workers are concerned. "Gross," they say. "Aren't you worried the berries have been sprayed?"

"No," Kris says. "This is a wetland. Nobody's going to spray blackberries in a wetland. Besides, it's easy to tell when blackberries have been sprayed. These haven't."

"It's still gross," they say. "Aren't you worried that the berries are dirty? Birds might have pooped on them."

Kris shakes her head. "In Oregon," Kris says, "one should never pay for blackberries. Unless it's February or something."

  

On their drive home Wednesday, Kris and Rhonda discussed this attitude toward food. Coincidentally, Jason and I had a similar conversation on our Wednesday afternoon walk. We agree that people seem to have become detached from their food.

Jason told me the following anecdote to illustrate the point: Naomi borrowed a Nickelodeon video for Maren. The video described life on the farm. One of the featured creatures was a cow which, for whatever reason, was continually described as "he". "Was there nobody on the production of that video that understood a cow cannot be a 'he'?" Jason wondered. "You'd think the udders would be a giveaway."

Mac wants to raise beef cattle at his new place. I'm eager to go in on part of a cow, to purchase a share of it. Neither of us has any real idea what's involved, but there's nothing wrong with that. In fact, that's good. If he follows through with this plan, we'll learn what's involved. We'll gain a greater understanding of where beef comes from, what it takes to bring it to the table.

This connection with the food cycle is important. It creates an awareness of what it means to, for example, eat a McDonald's hamburger.

When I was a boy, it seemed everyone we knew raised large vegetable gardens. Now vegetable gardens are rare. Kris and I are fortunate to have friends who share our passion for self-produced food:

  • Craig is famous for salads made from home-grown greens. This summer he has a fantastic tomato crop: the plants are numerous and large. He also has a nascent vineyard.
  • Rhonda (a Master Gardener) and Mike plant a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. Their garden produces a yearly bounty.
  • In the past, Pam has grown a fine garden. She's even been successful transplanting supposedly problematic crops (such as peas). Her berries are always prolific. This year, of course, her garden has taken a backseat to the move.
  • Jeremy and Jennifer have a prosperous garden filled with enormous plants.
  • Jason and Naomi have a small, weedy country patch that they share with their kids. I'm pleased to see them teaching Lydia and Maren to garden.
  • Michael and Laura always grow a vegetable patch.
It may seem pointless to raise a vegetable garden in our society: produce is plentiful and cheap at the supermarket. But raising vegetables is an important way to connect with the food cycle. Even a small vegetable garden can foster an appreciation for farming, and lend an understanding to what it means to have a produce industry dominated by large-scale agribusiness.

In his 1990 book of essays, What Are People For?, Wendell Berry wrote about "The Pleasures of Eating". This essay has just been reprinted in the Aug/Sep 2005 issue of Organic Gardening magazine. Here's an excerpt:

Eaters must understand that eating takes place inescapably in the world, that it is inescapably an agricultural act, and that how we eat determines, to a considerable extent, how the world is used. What can one do?
  • Participate in food production to the extent that you can. If you have a yard or even just a porch box or a pot in a sunny window, grow something to eat in it. Only by growing some food for yourself can you become acquainted with the beautiful energy cycle that revolves from soil to seed to flower to fruit to food to offal to decay, and around again. [Kris and I grow a few vegetables. We grow some berries — enough that buy very few — and some fruit — we only have one pear and two apples, but this is enough to foster appreciation.]
  • Prepare your own food. This means reviving in your own mind and life the arts of kitchen and household. This should enable you to eat more cheaply, and it will give you a measure of quality control. [Many of our friends prepare several meals each week, often using fresh ingredients from their own gardens.]
  • Learn the origins of the food you buy, and buy the food that is produced closest to your home. The locally produced food supply is the most secure, the freshest, and the easiest for local consumers to know about and to influence. [I hate shopping at Safeway. If they carry local products, it's only by chance. When we lived in Canby, Cutsforth's Thriftway carried hundreds of local products, and we made a point of purchasing them in preference to national brands.]
  • Whenever possible, deal directly with a local farmer, gardener, or orchardist. By dealing with the producer, you eliminate the whole pack of merchants, transporters, processors, packagers, and advertisers who thrive at the expense of both producers and consumers. [Visit your local farmers market. Have your milk delivered from a local dairy. Shop at produce stands. You'll find this food is of higher quality than you are accustomed.]
  • Learn, in self defense, as much as you can of the economy and technology of industrial food production. What is added to food that is not food, and what do you pay for these additions? [Read Fast Food Nation. Research on the internet.]
  • Learn what is involved in the best farming and gardening. [Talk to a farmer, or to a Master Gardener. Read the publications from your local Extension Service.]
  • Learn as much as you can, by direct observation and experience if possible, of the life histories of the food species. [Read The Botany of Desire. Raise a garden.]

Don't just eat your food. Become aware of it. When possible, learn its history.

Pick berries from the side of the road! Buy local produce from local merchants! Eat at local restaurants that specialize in local ingredients!

In Portland, I'm particularly fond of Higgins, which touts its use of local meats and produce. Also, in Oregon there's no excuse other than laziness to ever eat at McDonald's or Burger King. Burgerville is a quality alternative. Burgerville is customer-oriented, not profit-oriented, and, best of all, proudly uses Northwest ingredients whenever possible.

It might seem absurd, but eating is a political act. Connect with your food. Eat deliberately.

On this day at foldedspace.org

2004Out of Many, One   Here is a partial transcript of Barack Obama's speech before the Democratic National Convention.

2003Simon Has Two Mommies   In which Simon decides that two families are better than one. In which Kris consents that we may acquire another cat. In which my cousin Laurie cackles with glee as her $10 kittens sell better than the FREE kittens in her neighborhood.

Comments
On 29 July 2005 (08:01 AM), tammy said:

I love gardening. This year I have a small kitchen garden rather than my usaul big canning garden. How small you ask? Well it boasts 2 tomato plants, 4 green pepper plants. 2 pumpkin, 1 zucchinni, and 2 cucumber plants. Yep thats all. Of course I have my raised mint bed and another strawberry bed. I grow herbs in pot on the deck. We also grow our own apples, plums, and grapes.

This year was down as far as my blueberries go. I usually get about a hundred pounds off of my eight bushes. This year I only got about three gallon.

We eat everything cooked from scratch. I process my own food for the winter. I make my own ketchup and relish and of course, pickles!

We have been married 16 years and in that time we've never bought a jar of jam. Jd, is right. In Oregon the berries are everywhere! I make them all into freezer jam.

There's something about eating off the land that just feels so wholesome and earthy.


On 29 July 2005 (09:00 AM), Kris said:

The heirloom tomato from Craig is called "Black Krim" and it is thriving. The tomatoes got off to a slow start with our chilly spring/early summer, but now the plants are loaded with green. ripening bounty. Yum!

Jd doesn't show the cantaloupe, but we've got two little melons started. Unfortunately, I seem to be the only person on Earth who can't grow zucchini! I'll be lucky if I get one squash! Anyone want to share?


On 29 July 2005 (10:17 AM), Pam said:

Don't despair, Kris, I think the weather took a toll on the zucchini this year. Both Jennifer and I had problems with the zucchini rotting at the ends, something neither of us has seen before. Now they are coming on strong, though. Mac'll be happy to share ours with you!

I didn't do as much this year it is true, but I still have six big tomato plants; it's going to be tight to get any fruit off of them before August 24th (our move out date). And the three spaghetti squash are coming with me no matter how green they still are. Also, I really hope we can sample at least one Asian apple-pear after waiting three years for it to bear; this is the first year it has had fruit!


On 29 July 2005 (10:27 AM), Blogeois said:

Your tomatoes look gorgeous! We too enjoy gardening here and although we don't have the exposure or land to garden at here in our new place, we grow all our veggies in large pots where everything does great. This year's project is potatoes in a pot. Come early October, we'll see if that worked out or not. Happy gardening!


On 29 July 2005 (10:43 AM), Roger said:

I hope Kris's coworker was not one of my previous students!

I agree that we have become "detached" from how the earth provides our food. I see the attitude represented by Kris's coworker every year with our young people in the classroom. In my Environmental Science class we spend some time studying soil. I like to start this unit by holding up a bag of soil and asking "Is it soil or dirt?" Most kids answer dirt! The discussion that follows is always interesting.

This detachment is just one of the tragedies of our modern life style. It probably is, at least in part, the root of many of environmental problems.

On a side note, you may be interested in calculating your "environmental footprint":
http://www.earthday.net/footprint/index.asp
I use this short quiz to give my students an idea of how much land is necessary to support their lifestyles. Of particular interest are the questions regarding the food you eat (local, processed, etc.)


On 29 July 2005 (10:59 AM), Kristin said:

Amen to many things in this post. Although I've never had the energy/ambition for a large vegetable garden, I simply MUST plant tomatoes every year. Homegrown ones are, as you know, far superior to anything you can find in the grocery store. Just this week we also ate our first cucumber--another treat so unlike the waxy, fat, tough-skinned, blah ones found in most grocery stores. Kris, my zucchini is not making it either, so I'm hoping others will share the abundance. I don't have any links or contact info, but Simply in Season is a new cookbook out dealing with these themes and encouraging the use of local produce. Google, anyone? Oh yeah--the berries by the road could be contaminated by high levels of lead--I recommend venturing a little further off the beaten path.


On 29 July 2005 (11:30 AM), Jeremy said:

Rock on MF!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!


On 29 July 2005 (11:44 AM), tammy said:

Kris this is the first year ever that I wasnt able to get zucchinni from seeds. I always just throw the seeds out and they come up. This year there was so much rain I had to plant my entire garden over because the seeds rotted. When I replanted I was afraid there wasnt time for seeds so I actually bought the plants from the nursery. My zucchinni is almost ready now in spite of it's late start. It was just a bad year for the crops.


On 29 July 2005 (12:23 PM), Kristin said:

OK, Roger says I'm wrong about the lead. That was a concern when cars burned leaded fuel. . . I guess maybe exhaust is healthier these days :)


On 29 July 2005 (04:52 PM), Craig said:

We've had some zucchini weirdness too this year. The plants are HUGE but bearing fewer fruit than in years past. I also had trouble with seeds rotting, but it was beans in my case. I planted cannelini beans three times this spring and they just turned into fetid white smudges in the soil.

This notion of the berries being dirty since they were grown outside is interesting, and a little disturbing. The spray should be a concern, but do they think that all the produce on offer at Fred Meyer was magically protected from the petrochemical nastiness that agribusiness uses by the tankerload? And bird poop? Good lord. Guano is fertilizer. Do they think all their food is grown in sterile greenhouses?

I mock, but still I have the same thoughts to overcome. I remember hearing that Nalley produced pickles in big open vats in the eponymous “Nalley Valley” in Tacoma. “Open to the sky?” I remember thinking. Yes, just like every farm in the world. Like every open truck full of apples that you see on the highway in eastern Washington. The natural world isn’t dirty. Industry is dirty.

Those apple trucks in Eastern Washington, by the way, are indicative of one of the greatest benefits of local food: reduced transportation. The cost in fuel, pollution, time, and food quality due to unnecessary transportation of food is immense. And don’t even get me started on the cost to local economies.

But maybe the greatest benefit to growing your own, or eating your neighbors own, is delight. Albert and I walked around the corner the other evening to pick plums from our neighbor’s tree; plums cover the sidewalk every year at this time so it’s safe to assume that we could pick a few without incurring the wrath of the owners. Afterwards we washed and ate some of the fruit in the kitchen, Albert in his high chair eventually mashing his uneaten pieces into a purple pulp on his tray.

If teaching your two year old where plums come from, or watching him stand at the base of the trellis in the garden and demand “pea, pea!” isn’t delightful, I don’t know what is. Last night I served Lisa a dinner of pasta with butter and sage from the herb garden along with a salad from the garden of arugula (made peppery by the heat) and the season’s first cucumbers. Delight doesn’t quite cover it, actually. Deep, elemental satisfaction is more like it.


On 29 July 2005 (07:04 PM), J.D. said:

Craig: Maybe the greatest benefit to growing your own, or eating your neighbors' own, is delight.

Jennifer just said to Hank, "Harrison, can you go outside and bring some basil and parsley? Take J.D. with you."

I followed my six-year-old friend outside and watched as he plucked fat, juicy leaves from the basil plant. When the bowl was nearly full, he moved to the parsley. "You need to break the stems carefully," he told me, businesslike.

While Hank worked, I looked around at the beanpole, the enormous tomatoes, the corn (slightly behind my tallest, slightly ahead of my shortest), the newly-planted herb garden.

Rosemary and Sweetpea — the new cats — played among the flowers.

Delight, indeed.


On 30 July 2005 (02:24 PM), Amy Jo said:

This is a topic that I can get long-winded about but I will refrain. Have you read "Coming Home to Eat" by Gary Paul Nabhan? If not, you might want to hunt it down at the library someday or if we ever unpack our books, you can borrow my copy. I think you'd like it. Scott Russell Sanders would also be a good read for you, especially since you are interested in place and sense of place, and his work is a joy to read. Recall the snippet I read at your friend's Thanksgiving back in 98 or 99 (I think), something about baking bread together. You should reinstate that tradition, I liked it. Hmph. Need to unpack my books.

Also, there was an essay in the Sunday Times Magazine a month or so ago on this topic but the name of the author is stuck on the tip of my tongue. For the life of me I can't get it to slip off . . . Well known author wrote about a year of living/eating in Vermont (I think). Darn it, I hate it when my brain fails me.

Another NY Times article you might find interesting, esp. since you are considering investing in beef: Michael Pollan's NY Times article "Power Steer."

Abstract:

Michael Pollan cover story on how he, wanting to learn how meat industry really works, bought a calf in Poky Feeders, Kansas, and followed progress of his calf, known as No. 534, as he developed into 'fat-marbled monster'; notes his No. 534 has appointment at slaughter house in June; says his purpose was to find out how a modern, industrial steak is produced in America these days, from insemination to slaughter

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30C14FA3E5F0C728FDDAA0894DA404482&incamp=archive:search


On 01 August 2005 (12:13 PM), Nick said:

Join the rebellion.


On 01 August 2005 (04:04 PM), Anthony said:

Oh, Yes.

JD, sometimes you really make sense. I don't have anything to say at the moment that hasn't already been said in the comments, except this:

Be glad you live in Oregon.

We are trying to become more involved in the food cycle here in Tennessee, but there are countless othere organisms intent on sharing the same portion of the cycle we had our eye on—the garden. Let's see,

Striped cucumber beetles eat the cucumbers and pumpkins.

Spotted cucumber beetles eat various viny things.

Squash bugs eat the Zucchini and the Yellow Straightneck Squash.

Cabbage butterfly larvae eat the cabbage, kale, cauliflower, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts.

Mexican bean beetles eat the beans (all of them).

Japenese beetles eat anything they want.

Tomato hornworms start eating the tomatoes, but get eaten by braconid wasp larvae instead.

We eat the leftovers. Or the chemical residues. We can take our pick. If we were not so busy with other things, we would give huge amounts of time and attention to biological controls, and we might win.

But this should not be a contest. There should be enough for everybody. The problem is that the insects are not practicing responsible reproduction. We need an education program.

Or, as some would say, we need to improve our soil, and the problems will become negligible. We are. We'll see.

At least one pest/predator relationship seems to be operating as it should. Every tomato hornworm I have found is covered by the tiny cocoons of the braconid wasp. But many tomatoes die of terminal illness.

The garden is still wonderful. But be glad you live in Oregon.


On 01 September 2005 (11:30 AM), Dave said:

Kristin mentioned the new cookbook, Simply in Season. You can read about it at http://www.worldcommunitycookbook.org/
and purchase it online via many different bookselling websites. Or order it from your favorite local independent bookseller.
(Full disclosure: I'm not a disinterested party. My wife co-authored the book.)


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